I would like to have a Nutrition course project created for Diabetes Mellitus. Attached are the instructions for the project.
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Graded Project
Nutrition
© PENN FOSTER, INC. 2016
INTRODUCTION
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
2
TOPICS
3
WHAT IS AN ACADEMIC PAPER ?
4
SUBMITTING YOUR PROJECT
10
GRADING CRITERIA
11
© PENN FOSTER, INC. 2016
NUTRITION
Graded Project
PAGE 1
INTRODUCTION
For this project, you’ll be writing an academic paper on a topic that was covered during
the Nutrition course. You won’t be conducting a study. This paper is a critical analysis of a
topic related to a concept within the Nutrition course.
EXPECTATIONS FOR THIS PROJECT
Students should be able to
1. Identify a nutritional topic of interest that can be applied to a current
nutritional issue
2. Identify information that addresses the nutritional issue
3. Analyze information for application to a defined population
4. Examine areas in which additional information may be needed to help a defined
population address a nutritional issue
5. Recommend approaches to distribute the nutritional information to a
defined population
© PENN FOSTER, INC. 2016
NUTRITION
Graded Project
PAGE 2
TOPICS
There are a variety of topics available to use as the focus for your academic research
paper. General topics include
OO
Identify macro- and micronutrients, their functions, and their effects on health and
well-being.
OO
Examine the differences in nutritional needs throughout the life cycle.
OO
Explain the various factors that affect the safety of food products and the new
technologies that affect food supplies.
If you’re interested in a specific topic, you’ll need to include the signs and symptoms and
the relationship of these manifestations to the nutritional disorder. You’ll need to also focus
on the treatment, the expected outcome of the treatment, measures to determine if the outcome has been reached, and any actions that can be taken to prevent the health problem.
Examples of specific topics include
OO
The impact of nutrition on the development of
OO
Hypertension
OO
Osteoporosis
OO
Osteoarthritis
OO
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
OO
Heart disease
OO
Atherosclerosis
OO
Protein-calorie malnutrition
OO
Application of nutrigenomics
OO
Analysis of eating plans (fad diets) that restrict:
OO
Protein
OO
Carbohydrates
OO
Fats
OO
Use of MyPlate with a vegetarian eating plan
OO
Fluid balance through the lifespan
© PENN FOSTER, INC. 2016
NUTRITION
Graded Project
PAGE 3
WHAT IS AN ACADEMIC PAPER?
An academic paper is a document that critically analyzes a specific topic. It begins with
general information about the topic and then moves into the specifics. The specifics are
explained by answering the “who, what, when, where, and why” about the topic.
Some academic papers are written after a research study has been conducted. Others
are written to support or refute a concept or idea.
SECTIONS OF THE PAPER
The paper should include the following sections:
OO
Title page
OO
Table of contents
OO
Abstract
OO
Introduction
OO
General information
OO
Application
OO
Approaches or treatments
OO
Expected outcomes/recommendations
OO
Conclusion/summary
OO
Reference list
TITLE PAGE
The title page identifies the title of the paper, your name and credentials, the course
name, and the date. The title of the paper should reflect the content. For example, if
you’re writing a paper on the importance of adequate vitamin C intake for older adults,
appropriate titles might include
OO The
Importance of Adequate Vitamin C When Aging
OO Vitamin
C – An Essential Nutrient in the Aging Adult
Some examples of titles that would not capture the intention of the paper would be
OO The
Role of Vitamin C in Bodily Functions
OO The
Impact of Vitamin C on Health
© PENN FOSTER, INC. 2016
NUTRITION
Graded Project
PAGE 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
A table of contents identifies the sections within the research paper. This part of the paper
is typically created last since it lists the topics and the associated page numbers within
the paper.
The following is an example of a table of contents:
Section 1: Abstract Page 1
Section II: Introduction Page 2
Section III: Vitamin C: An Essential Nutrient
Page 4
ABSTRACT
The abstract is a summary of the entire paper. This part of the paper is also written after
the entire paper is complete. The length of the abstract should be about 100 to 200 words
and should include information that appears elsewhere in the paper. This is not the location to introduce new ideas, concepts, or information.
Example of an abstract:
Vitamin C has been identified as an essential nutrient for all age groups; however, it
has been found to be lacking in those over age 65. Reasons for inadequate amounts
of vitamin C include high intake of processed foods, limited ability to obtain fresh foods,
and restricted income. Problems associated with low vitamin C levels in older adults
include poor wound healing, frequent infections, fatigue, and increased onset of chronic
illnesses. Strategies to increase the intake of vitamin C include selecting fresh or frozen foods over processed or canned; purchasing fresh produce when in season; and
buying produce from local growers. Increasing the intake of vitamin C will reduce the
frequency of acute illnesses and infections, allay the development of chronic illnesses,
and improve energy levels. The importance of adequate vitamin C intake should be
communicated through wellness programs, community health fairs, health and wellness clinics, and public service announcements targeting the older population.
This abstract is 153 words in length and covers all of the major areas that are to be
included in the paper.
INTRODUCTION
The introduction is where the topic of interest is introduced to the reader. This part of the
paper may be up to five or six paragraphs in length. Information that appears here may
include generalities about the purpose of the paper, who will benefit from reading the
information in this paper, why the topic is important, and the overall goal of writing the
paper.
Information about the background of the topic appears here as additional evidence of the
importance of the topic.
© PENN FOSTER, INC. 2016
NUTRITION
Graded Project
PAGE 5
GENERAL INFORMATION
The general information section provides a global view of the topic you’ve chosen. This
section may be approximately five or six paragraphs in length and serves to provide the
reader with an overview of the concept or topic. Many resources on writing academic
research papers consider this section to be the preferred location for placing the thesis
statement. A thesis statement is the problem statement or an explanation of the issue.
Here you can include statistics about the nutritional issue or health problem caused by it,
such as the number of people it affects, the locations where it most likely occurs, the time
of year, and any other criteria that makes this an important issue
to discuss.
You might want to create a diagram or table demonstrating the impact of the issue. A
table can be inserted in a word processing program (such as Word). The following example that identifies the frequency of an issue according to gender, age, or calendar year.
Frequency of Vitamin C Deficiency in Older Adults
between 2001 and 2004
Frequency Deficiency Discovered
Gender
Year
M
F
110
40
60
2001
72
32
40
2002
61
40
21
2003
108
48
60
2004
In this section you would also place any pictures or illustrations that would help the
reader understand the issue and its importance to nutrition. For example, an older person
with a vitamin C deficiency may have bleeding gums. You might want to include a picture
of bleeding gums within your paper. Here are some websites that often have royalty-free
clip art that you could use in your paper:
OO Shutter
Stock
OO Dreams
Time
OO Foto
Search
OO iStock
OO Getty
Images
© PENN FOSTER, INC. 2016
NUTRITION
Graded Project
PAGE 6
APPLICATION
The application section of the paper provides much more substantial information about
the topic. Here, you should focus on
OO
Who would find this topic of interests
OO
When this topic needs to be addressed
OO
Where this topic has specific applicability
OO
Why this topic is important
APPROACHES/TREATMENTS
Use of the approaches/treatments section will depend upon the topic. If the topic is a
specific nutrient, strategies to ensure that the nutrient is being ingested in recommended
amounts may appear here. You may also include a table or image here that identifies the
recommended amount of the nutrient.
If the topic is a specific health problem, such as obesity or anemia, then this section may
identify actions to take to help eliminate or reduce the effects of the health problem.
The length of this section will depend upon the topic selected and the amount of creativity
used when designing strategies.
EXPECTED OUTCOMES/RECOMMENDATIONS
The expected outcomes/recommendations section identifies the results expected when
a strategy to address the topic or health problem is implemented. Each outcome should
identify the approach to be used to measure the effectiveness. Measurements should
be objective or use concrete data such as laboratory values, changes in body weight,
amount of time engaging in an activity, and so on.
From the expected outcomes, recommendations can be made. Here you are to identify
steps or actions for a person to take to adjust or change nutritional habits to achieve a
specific outcome.
The overall length of this section will depend upon the number and type of expected outcomes and the associated recommendations.
CONCLUSION/SUMMARY
The final section of the paper is the conclusion, or summary. Here all of the major points discussed in the paper are reviewed along with the conclusions formed by analyzing the topic.
REFERENCE LIST
All academic papers must contain a list of references used when researching and writing
the paper. There are a variety of approaches when listing the reference citations. Examples
are shown below.
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NUTRITION
Graded Project
PAGE 7
Print resources:
Author last name, Author first initial of first name. (YEAR). Name of the book.
(edition of the book). City where the book was published: Name of the publisher.
Author last name, Author first initial of first name. (YEAR). Name of the article. Name
of the magazine in which the article appeared. The volume and issue of the magazine.
The page numbers.
Online resources:
Website. Name of the web page. Name of the article. Date the article was
posted/written. Date you accessed the article. The complete web URL.
Keep the following in mind when identifying/using content from the Internet for a
research paper:
OO
Be sure that the website is valid. Examples of valid websites include the Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the World Health Organization (WHO),
MedLine Plus, National Institutes of Health (NIH), and recognized agencies such as
the American Diabetes Association (ADA), American Heart Association (AHA), the
American Lung Association (ALA), and the American Cancer Society (ACS).
OO
Look at the webpage and find the date when the page was last updated. The date
should be within the last few years.
OO
Find the physical street address and telephone number for the website. Websites
that don’t publish a physical street address or telephone number to call for more
information may be blogs and, therefore, not a validated website.
Additional Resources
Since this may be the first time that you are writing
a research paper, you might want to view the following videos for additional tips and techniques:
OO
How to Write a Research Paper Fast
OO
Tips for Writing a College Research Paper
OO
10 Steps for Writing a Research Paper
© PENN FOSTER, INC. 2016
NUTRITION
Graded Project
PAGE 8
WRITING THE PAPER
The following instructions should be implemented when preparing your paper.
1. Set all page margins to be 1 inch.
2. Begin each section on a new page.
3. Use the font Times New Roman at 12 point.
4. Support your opinion by citing specific information from the textbook, websites, and
any other references, using correct APA guidelines.
5. Write the table of contents after the entire paper has been written.
6. Write the abstract after the entire paper has been written.
7. Proofread your completed paper several times to check for typographical errors.
Read through the entire paper to make sure you have included all essential elements and that the correct page numbers are listed on the Table of Contents.
8. Save the completed paper as a PDF file to ensure that no changes can be made
accidentally to your completed document.
© PENN FOSTER, INC. 2016
NUTRITION
Graded Project
PAGE 9
SUBMITTING YOUR PROJECT
To submit your graded project online, follow these steps:
1. Go to http://www.pennfoster.edu and log in.
2. Go to your student portal.
3. Click on Take Exam next to the lesson you’re working on.
4. Enter your email address in the box provided. (Note: This information is required
for online submission.)
5. Attach your file as follows:
a. Click on the Browse box.
b. Locate the file you wish to attach.
c. Double-click on the file.
d. Click on Upload File.
6. Click on Submit Files.
Be sure to keep a backup copy of any files you submit to the school!
© PENN FOSTER, INC. 2016
NUTRITION
Graded Project
PAGE 10
GRADING CRITERIA
Grade: ________
Category
Introduction
90–100
• Well-developed
introduction that
engages the
reader and
creates interest
Statement
• Written as
a complex,
focused, and
correct sentence
• Gives the paper
a strong, structural direction
Body:
Main Points
• Creates interest
• Thesis statement at the
end of the
introduction
70–79
65–69
• Adequately
explains
background
• Random
collection of
information
• Lacks detail
• Unclear or
unrelated
• Thesis statement at the
end of the
introduction
• Extremely clear
and reflects
in-depth understanding of the
topic
Thesis
80–89
• Clear and
reflects understanding of the
topic
• Grammatically
correct, but
is phrased
awkwardly
• Ideas are indi• Doesn’t comcated, but wordy,
municate a
confusing, and/
clear idea
or vague
• Doesn’t make
• Overly general;
sense
no real direction • Structure of
paper is unclear
• Establishes general structure of
the paper
• Not all the major • Difficult to
points are clearly
understand
stated
major points of
paper
• Most major
• Major points
are definitely
and precisely
articulated
• Major points are
clearly stated
• Every major
point clearly and
effectively elaborates a part of
the thesis
points relate to
the thesis
• All ideas outlined
in thesis are
• One part of
included in
the thesis has
major points
no elaboration
under the major
points
• Major points
clearly and
effectively sync
with all ideas,
included in
thesis
• All major points
relate directly to
the thesis
• Several main
points seem not
to be related to
thesis
• Major discrepancy between
the ideas
expressed
in thesis and
points outlined
(continued)
© PENN FOSTER, INC. 2016
NUTRITION
Graded Project
PAGE 11
Category
90–100
• Each major
point has
a wealth of
details/examples to
support it
Body:
Supporting
Details
Conclusion
Spelling,
Grammar,
Mechanics,
and
Formatting
80–89
70–79
• Each major
point has
enough examples/details to
support it
• Most major
points have
enough examples/details to
support them
• All examples/
• Supporting
details are
examples/
directly related
details are clear, to the major
sophisticated
point they supand insightfully
port; reveal a
chosen; reveals
solid underin-depth understanding of the
standing of topic topic
• Most examples/details
are clearly
related to the
major point
they support;
demonstrate
only a basic
understanding
of topic
• Clear and
logical; organization of ideas
is effective
• Clear and
logical; organization of ideas
is effective
• Effectively
wraps up and
goes beyond
restating thesis
•E
ffectively
• No spelling,
grammatical,
or mechanical
errors
• 1 spelling,
grammatical,
or mechanical
error
summarizes
topic
• Paper is
formatted
according to
guidelines
© PENN FOSTER, INC. 2016
NUTRITION
Graded Project
65–69
• Significant lack
of supporting
information for
major points
• Unfocused;
examples are
too general;
reveal limited
knowledge or
understanding
of topic
• Often unclear or
illogical
• Sometimes
unclear or
illogical
• Recognizable
and ties up
almost all loose
ends
• Does not
summarize
main points
• 2–3 spelling,
grammatical,
or mechanical
errors
• More than
3 spelling,
grammatical,
or mechanical
errors
PAGE 12
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