APA format: including introduction: If you have any questions please write me. I will respond ASAP.____________________________ PLEASE READ BELOW________________________***This assignment is comprised of the previous papers submitted (the papers I have attached below)***The papers that are needed to complete this assignment are U2A1, U4A1 and the paper you are rewriting currently U6(The number of pages are high only because you are comprising the other papers into one)FEDERAL POLICY ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONSASSIGNMENT OVERVIEWSo far in the project, you have explored a social problem, selected a relevant federal policy, and analyzed the policy’s development and potential impacts. Your work on this course project has not only enabled you to demonstrate your mastery of the course competencies, but has also provided you an initial experience with policy analysis at the federal level. This is valuable professional practice for your work as a social worker.By successfully completing this assignment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following EPAs and practice behaviors:EPA 2.1.4: Engage diversity and difference in practice.PB 2.1.4.A: Recognize the extent to which culture’s structures and values may oppress, marginalize, alienate, or create/enhance privilege/power.Related Assignment Criteria:1. Describe how a culture’s structure and values influence privilege and power.2. Analyze the extent to which a federal policy and its history address a social problem specific to a diverse population.3. Summarize the current state of a policy’s implementation in regards to social justice and the chosen population.4. Draw conclusions about the effectiveness of a chosen policy.EPA 2.1.5: Advance human rights and social and economic justice.PB 2.1.5.A: Understand the forms and mechanisms of oppression and discrimination.Related Assignment Criteria:1. Describe how a culture’s structure and values influence privilege and power.2. Analyze the extent to which a federal policy and its history address a social problem specific to a diverse population.EPA 2.1.5: Advance human rights and social and economic justice.PB 2.1.5.B: Advocate for human rights and social and economic justice.Related Assignment Criteria:5. Recommend improvements or replacements to the policy using analysis research and a social and theoretical framework.EPA 2.1.8: Engage in policy practice to advance social and economic well-being and to deliver effective social work services.PB 2.1.8.A: Analyze, formulate, and advocate for policies that advance social well-being.Related Assignment Criteria:1. Describe how a culture’s structure and values influence privilege and power.2. Analyze the extent to which a federal policy and its history address a social problem specific to a diverse population.3. Summarize the current state of a policy’s implementation in regards to social justice and the chosen population.4. Draw conclusions about the effectiveness of a chosen policy.5. Recommend improvements or replacements for a policy using analysis research and a social and theoretical framework.6. Justify recommendations for new policies or revisions, with a detailed rationale.ASSIGNMENT DESCRIPTIONThe Federal Policy Analysis and Recommendations assignment due in this unit is the final compilation of your project for this course. The purpose of this assignment is to analyze the extent to which a specific federal policy can meet the needs of a targeted population related to the social justice problem you identified and explored. To do this you will compile all parts of the course project and provide conclusions and recommendations for the policy you analyzed.ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONSUsing the work you have done in your Policy Selection and Background Assignment (Unit 4) and your Policy Analysis Assignment (Unit 6), develop a complete analysis. In addition to compiling your work from these earlier assignments, you will need to take four additional steps to complete this assignment in a Conclusions and Recommendations section:Summarize the current state of the policy’s implementation in regards to social justice and the chosen population.Describe how a culture’s structure and values influence privilege and power.Draw conclusions about the effectiveness of the policy. What have been the policy’s strengths and weaknesses? Cite specific examples to support your analysis.Provide recommendations to improve the policy or to replace it with alternative solutions through an advocacy framework. Should the policy be replaced, modified, or extended upon?Your recommendations must be based in a social/theoretical framework (such as critical race theory or social economic theory) and should be supported with sufficient scholarly research.Justify your recommendations for new policies or revisions with a detailed rationale.Describe how the new or revised policy for the chosen population will be implemented into policy planning and action.Submit your completed assignment by the end of the week.ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTSThe assignment you submit is expected to meet the following requirements:Written communication: Written communication is free of errors that detract from the overall message.APA formatting: Resources and citations are formatted according to current APA style and formatting standards.Cited resources: Minimum of five scholarly sources. All literature cited should be current, with publication dates within the past five years.Length of paper: 12–16 double-spaced, typed pages.Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.Due date: Assignment must be submitted to your instructor in the courseroom no later than 11:59 p.m. on Sunday of this week.
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Running head: SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS
Exploration of Social Justice: Socioeconomic Status
Shondricka Claiborne
Capella University
Diaon Clarke
1/27/19
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SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS
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Socioeconomic Status
Socioeconomic status is a social justice issue associated with the communal ranking or
class of a person or group. Socioeconomic status is the combination of social and economic
measures of the work experience of an individual, social and economic position in comparison to
other people. It can be based on education, income, and occupation. These factors determine where
people are grouped in the social status, and there are three groups, and there are the lower, middle
and upper classes. The socioeconomic status of individual acts as a predictor of various mental
and health conditions. The most affected people are those with low income and education and have
to be exposed to unfavorable health conditions. There are policies made to help improve the lives
of the people suffering from this problem as well as solving other issues such as health. The
following work will analyze the socioeconomic status issue and how effectively it is being
addressed.
Forms Discrimination
African Americans are among the most discriminated groups in America due to
their socioeconomic status. The discrimination is seen in all areas starting with the lowquality of education they receive in comparison to other Americans. African Americans
are also discriminated due to race and have been considered inferior for a long time. The
inferiority has reflected on many lives for a long time from lack of enough representation
in the government and being offered the manual jobs with poor payments (Davis,
Wetherell, & Henry, 2018). The discrimination due to socioeconomic status has left most
African Americans with problems such as mental conditions. The situation is made worse
due to the lack of access to medical treatment as the group does not have enough
SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS
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resources. The African Americans are mostly placed in the lower social status, but through
various policies, they have improved lives.
There are various ethical problems related to the social justice problem. Discrimination in
healthcare, for example, is unethical. African Americans faced segregation in medical
institutions where they had to wait for longer than the white Americans. The number of deaths
among the black Americans due to lack of immediate medical care has been high than that of the
white Americans (Lewis, & Van Dyke, 2018). Denial of college entrance for the African
American students is another issue, as the white Americans are always given chances before the
white can be considered. In the job market, the same dilemma is witnessed, with qualified black
people being denied the better-paying jobs due to their color. These acts have denied the black
people chances to elevate their lives, leaving most of them living in poverty and being involved
in crime to maintain their lives.
Policies
Various policies have been made currently to address the socioeconomic status problem.
Healthcare insurance policies require all the Americans to have insurance so that they can access
healthcare services. It does not matter the race of the individual as long as they have insurance,
they can receive healthcare from any institution. Promotion of Civil Rights has been the other
approach where the African Americans are supposed to be treated equally to the white
Americans. The black people can now attend any schools, socialize with any person and even
fight for the highest positions in leadership. The election of Barrack Obama as the first black
American president was a motivation to the black Americans. It increased their opportunities to
compete fairly as it was clear that they had equal chances despite the earlier cases of
SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS
discrimination. Employability laws have increased the chances of black Americans being
hired without facing discrimination or less payment (Bowman, Comer, & Johns, 2018).
Polices made have been effective in solving the socioeconomic status problem
faced by African Americans. The employability laws have made it easier for African
Americans to get hired without being forced to work for long hours and unfair
compensation. African Americans employees are free to choose where they want to work,
and they are represented by the law in case of discrimination. The healthcare insurance
policy has improved the health status of black Americans. As long as one has their
insurance, they can access medical care in any institution, and there is no long waiting
period or being denied. The education policy has made it possible for children to attend
school from a young age and offered equal education as the white children thus
increasing the competitive chances.
The effectiveness of the enacted policies
These policies have impacted African Americans in different ways. The social
status of black Americans has improved. They have education chances which make them
competitive. They can study and even secure the best positions in organizations as well as
in the government. Education has also made the African Americans fight for their
leadership positions and through representations; they can solve most social issues facing
the groups. Education has also improved the wealth position with most educated people
getting rich and living a better life. The African Americans are now distributed in the
lower, middle and upper social status. The health status of black Americans has also
improved, and it has reduced the mortality rates. The sick and people with chronic
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SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS
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conditions can access medical care and drugs at any time thus reducing chances of death due to
negligence (Assari, Preiser, Lankarani, & Caldwell, 2018).
Advocacy for socioeconomic status can be done by creating educational programs on
equality and the effects it has on the lives of all Americans despite their race. The Civil Rights
Act can be enacted at any time, and it is essential for people and organizations to learn about
how they should treat people despite their race or economic status. If a complaint against
discrimination is reported, then the individual or company will be required to take accountability
and even compensate the victim (Anyiwo, Bañales, Rowley, Watkins, & Richards‐Schuster,
2018). Appreciating the achievements of black people is another way of creating advocacy. It
will educate all Americans that even the black can compete fairly. In that way, the stereotype
thought of black Americans being inferior will be solved over time and respect will start to grow
among all races.
The current healthcare, education and Civil Rights policies are very effective in solving
the discrimination against socioeconomic status. African Americans have been provided with a
chance where they can compete fairly and show what they can do. African Americans are
empowered through educations and they secure certification they can use when seeking job
opportunities. Since African Americans have suffered for a long time, they ensure that they
utilize the opportunities provided to them in the best way possible so that they improve their
lives. African Americans can now be seen in varying leadership positions even in the
government. The cases of discrimination against African Americans have decreased
significantly.
SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS
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References
Anyiwo, N., Bañales, J., Rowley, S. J., Watkins, D. C., & Richards‐Schuster, K. (2018).
Sociocultural Influences on the Sociopolitical Development of African American Youth. Child
Development Perspectives.
Assari, S., Preiser, B., Lankarani, M. M., & Caldwell, C. H. (2018). Subjective socioeconomic
status moderates the association between discrimination and depression in African
American Youth. Brain Sciences, 8(4), 71.
Bowman, B., Comer, J., & Johns, D. (2018). Addressing the African American Achievement
Gap: Three Leading Educators Issue a Call to Action. Young Children, 73(2), 12-21.
Davis, J., Wetherell, G., & Henry, P. J. (2018). Social devaluation of African Americans and
race‐related conspiracy theories. European Journal of Social Psychology, 48(7), 9991010.
Lewis, T. T., & Van Dyke, M. E. (2018). Discrimination and the health of African Americans:
The potential importance of intersectionalities. Current Directions in Psychological
Science, 27(3), 176-182.
Running head: TEMPORARY AID TO NEEDY FAMILIES ACT
Temporary Aid to Needy Families Act
Shondricka Claiborne
Capella University
2/3/19
1
TEMPORARY AID TO NEEDY FAMILIES ACT
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Introduction
The United States government has come up with various measures of eradicating poverty
and improving the living standards of its citizens. The Temporary Aid to Needy Families Act
(TANF) is meant to offer assistance to citizens who have been discriminated for a long time due
to their poverty levels. The Temporary Aid to Needy Families Act is meant to support the
programs and services which provide funding to the territories which are stricken by poverty.
The programs will be both financial help and related support programs such as health and
education. Some of the programs that are administered by the state include work assistance,
children care, and job preparation. The assistance will be offered either temporary or permanent
depending on the situation of the target group’s level of need (Ziliak, 2015). This paper seeks to
explore the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families policy-how it’s meant to improve the lives
of African Americans to reduce the levels of social injustices, the problem that it aims to solve,
and its historical features (Cole & Michigan, 2002).
African Americans have been subjected to poverty for a long time since the time
of slavery. Even after the abolishment of the slave trade, African Americans were not
provided with chances of development. They were discriminated at all levels. The black
Americans were not educated and thus did not have any person who would represent
them in the government; thus their grievances were never addressed. Lack of education
also subjected the black Americans to hard labor which was poorly compensated. The
African Americans had to work for the white people for long hours so that they could get
money for food, clothing, and shelter. The low wages would then be used in the shops for
white people, leaving the black people slaves though they were not held, hostage.
Discrimination was seen in hospitals, schools, work opportunities, and social life.
TEMPORARY AID TO NEEDY FAMILIES ACT
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Lack of opportunities and representation in the government subjected the African
Americans to high levels of poverty. Most of them, especially the black people opted for crime
as a way of getting basic requirements. There are limited employment chances, and even the
employed black people are discriminated against, and it is seen with the payment they receive.
The white Americans have always been favored over the black Americans in different areas,
even in school. During enrolments, for example, in colleges, the white Americans have always
been offered the chances first. In the job market, white Americans are offered the job
opportunities first (Dominguez & Watkins, 2003). Therefore, the levels of unemployment are
high among African Americans thus subjecting them to poverty. African Americans are also
faced with health issues such as mental conditions due to discrimination, poverty and poor living
conditions.
Description of TANF Policy
Temporary Aid to Needy Families Act is meant to help the most affected African
Americans to reduce their levels of poverty so that they can get out of the lower social status.
They are also required to abide by the rules that are put in place for child support. Those who
qualify for TANF are those that earn below a gross income of $784 per month and have assets
that can be counted that are less than $1000. The money offered is used for clothing, utilities,
food, housing, furniture, laundry, transportation, and phone. The Act has four main purposes
which they pursue. The first is providing help to the needy African Americans in their regions.
The second reason is reducing the dependency of the parents who are needy through job
preparation, work, and marriages. Preventing and reducing the incidence of pregnancies that are
out-of-wedlock. The fourth reason is encouraging forming and maintaining two-parent families.
There are also related support services meant to help African Americans such as medical. It
TEMPORARY AID TO NEEDY FAMILIES ACT
would help make sure that mentally-ill conditions are addressed and the group is prepared
to elevate themselves. There are also services such as scholarships for talented young
black people as well as skill-attainment programs to help avoid crime.
TANF connection to Social Justice
The number of single parents has been on the rise in black families. Most children
are being raised single-handedly by the mothers while most of the young fathers are
either caught up in gang crimes or locked up in jails due to crime. Most of the young
fathers have turned to crime due to lack of employment. The young people in this group
is also associated with the abuse of drugs by both mothers and fathers leaving the
children all lone and have to find for themselves the basic needs. Through the Temporary
Aid to Needy Families Act, the young parents can be encouraged to stick with each other.
As long as the young people are empowered to start their job employment projects and
the government having projects which offer job opportunities, then the levels of poverty
among young black American families can be reduced (Blank, 2018).
The Act should support educational programs such as on methods of family
planning. In that way early and out-of-wedlock pregnancies will be reduced. The young
children will be able to study without dropping out of school, and they can be competitive
with white Americans. The government should offer mobile health services to the
poverty-stricken areas. Most mental patients fear to come out due to stigmatization,
however, if mobile and home-to-home services were to be offered, then the black
Americans that are mentally-ill can receive help. There are talented young Americans
who are athletes and sports players, and through the Act, they can receive scholarships to
study (Falk, 2016). The Act will be concentrating on helping improve the lives of black
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TEMPORARY AID TO NEEDY FAMILIES ACT
5
Americans so that they can be elevated from the crime society and being referred to as lower
social status, to middle or high social status.
The historical issue that led to the development of Temporary Aid to Needy Families Act
is the increase in crime among the black youth due to lack of employment, drug abuse and high
levels of poverty. There were different groups and leaders who got interested and started
campaigning for the improvement of the lives of the African Americans. President Clinton
supported the Act with the 1996 welfare reforms and the passing of the Personal Responsibility
and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act. There have been modifications made on the Act, and
they are meant to improve the situation of helping the black Americans. In July 2012, the Act
would work to offset the restrictions and help the target groups to get a job easier. Waivers were
also offered to the interested groups thus offering flexible development which would help curb
poverty and assist parents to prepare, find and maintain work. The Act led to the support of the
Job Creation Act which was signed into law by President Obama in 2012, thus helping in job
securing (National Alliance for Partnerships in Equity, 2019).
Conclusion
In conclusion, Temporary Aid to Needy Families Act has assisted in reducing the social
injustices against the African Americans. The black Americans can get an education which helps
them to compete fairly in the job market, thus working to improve their lives. The African
Americans are also educated about the importance of family and trained on how to get jobs and
retain them, thus reducing the levels of crime and poverty.
TEMPORARY AID TO NEEDY FAMILIES ACT
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References
Blank, R. M. (2018). It Takes a Nation: A New Agenda for Fighting Poverty-Updated Edition.
Princeton University Press.
Cole, C. A., & Michigan. (2002). Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF): An overview
of the Michigan program and the expenditure of federal and state resources. Lansing, Mich:
Senate Fiscal Agency.
Dominguez, S., & Watkins, C. (2003). Creating networks for survival and mobility: Social
capital among African-American and Latin-American low-income mothers. Social
problems, 50(1), 111-135.
Falk, G. (2016). Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF): Size and characteristics of
the cash assistance caseload.
National Alliance for Partnerships in Equity. (2019). Temporary Assistance for Needy Families.
Retrieved February 2, 2019, from https://www.napequity.org/public-policy/frontlinelegislation/temporary-assistance-needy-families/
Ziliak, J. P. (2015). Temporary assistance for needy families(No. w21038). National Bureau of
Economic Research.
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