These are all instructions and Explanations associated with this assignment. During this tutorial you will:
Calculate the electricity demand for a householdCalculate the amount of fuel consumed to generate this electricity using non-renewable sources of energyCalculate the greenhouse gas emissions for each fuel type and generation methodInstructions and explanations:
On the Energy Demand Sheet
fill in the number of units for each item you haveand the average number of hours of use per day.Keep in mind how your use may change through the year, and factor this into your daily use. Constantly-running units have typical hours of use already filled in (fridge, water heater, furnace). You may enter fractions of hours (ie. 15 minutes is 0.25 (one quarter) hour).Calculate daily energy demand (in units of Watt-hours)
Multiply the number of units by the number of hours of use, then by the power demand.At the bottom of the table add all of these together to calculate the total daily electricity consumption.Complete the conversions at the bottom of the table. Transfer the individual annual electricity demand to the Fuel Consumption WorksheetNon-renewable fuels are a form of potential energy. Each fuel type has its own energy density, or the amount of energy available to be released for a certain quantity of fuel. The energy densities of Fuels are given on this worksheet.(Notes: 1. m^3 = cubic metre, a measure of volume. 2. CANDU is the type of nuclear generating facility designed and used in Canada.)Conversion of energy from one form to another always results in some energy being dissipated (or lost), usually as heat. The efficiency of this conversion of energy depends mostly on the technology employed. The table on this page shows the efficiency of generation as a proportion of the total potential energy. For example, if the efficiency of generation is 0.35, this means that 35% of the energy of the fuel is transformed into electricity (or 65% of the energy of the fuel is lost).
To adjust the energy density of the different fuels for the efficiency of electricity generation, multiply the energy density by the efficiency of generation.(Note: In combined cycle generating facilities, a gas turbine uses the hot gases released from burning natural gas to turn a turbine and generate electricity. The waste heat from the gas-turbine process is used to generate steam, which is then used to generate electricity.To calculate the amount of fuel required to satisfy your annual household energy demand
divide your household energy demand (MJ) by the energy density adjusted for efficiency. (demand/density=fuel required)Step 7. Calculating the GHG
Use the GHG emissions worksheet 2016- Take the fuel required from each liquid or solid fuel type (e.g. Diesel (steam driven)) and multiply it by the emission factor. This will give you the emission in grams.- Then multiply this by the CO2 equivalent factor (CH4 has more warming potential than CO2).- (Co2 = 1, CH4 = 23, N20 = 317)- There are different values in the literature for these equivalent factors so if you used different one that is ok. I have included them in the version 2 of the GHG worksheet. This will give you the CO2 Eq in grams.- Add up the three CO2 Eq values for a total of CO2 Eq (g)- Divide this value by 1,000,000 to give you the value in tonnes.
energy_demand_worksheet.doc
energy_demand_values_profbush.pdf
fuel_consumption_worksheet.doc
consumption_emissions_values_profbush.pdf
ghg_emissions_worksheet_2016.doc
Unformatted Attachment Preview
HOUSEHOLD ENERGY DEMAND WORKSHEET
KITCHEN
Coffee-Maker
Number
of units
Number of
hours of
use per day
Power
demand
(Watts)
940
Kettle
1238
60 W light bulb
60
14 W compact fluorescent bulb
14
Microwave Oven
1100
Electric Range (Stove)
4950
Refrigerator (Over 10 years)
8
206
Refrigerator (Under 10 years)
8
124
Toaster (2 slice)
Dishwasher (excl hot water)
Blender
Oven
4 foot fluorescent lighting
Daily energy
demand
(Watt-hours)
920
1188
200
1485
98
BATHROOM
60 W light bulb
60
4 W compact fluorescent bulb
14
Bathroom Ventilation Fan
72
Electric Razor
15
1
HOUSEHOLD ENERGY DEMAND WORKSHEET
BEDROOM, LIVING ROOM
60 W light bulb
Number
of units
Number of
hours of
use per day
Power
demand
(Watts)
Daily energy
demand
(Watt-hours)
60
14 W compact fluorescent bulb
14
Iron (hand)
1188
Portable Radio
50
Television (26″)
327
Desktop computer & monitor
248
Laptop computer
120
Stereo
98
MAJOR HOUSEHOLD
APPLIANCES
Clothes Dryer
3450
Clothes Washer
Water Heater (1 person)
373
1
6015
Furnace (Fan – 1/4 hp.)
347
Vacuum Cleaner (portable)
327
Hot Water Furnace & Pump
1
470
Oil Furnace Burner
1
257
Air Conditioner (6000 BTU/hr)
743
Total daily energy demand (sum):
Convert daily energy demand to kWh (divide by 1000):
Convert daily demand to annual demand (multiply by 365):
Convert total annual consumption to MegaJoules (multiply by 3.6):
Individual annual electricity demand (divide by number in household):
2
HOUSEHOLD ENERGY USAGE
KITCHEN
Coffee-Maker
Kettle
60 W light bulb
14 W compact fluorescent bulb
Microwave Oven
Electric Range (Stove)
Refrigerator (Over 10 years)
Refrigerator (Under 10 years)
Toaster (2 slice)
Dishwasher (excl hot water)
Blender
Electric Frying Pan
Toaster Oven
Deep Fat Fryer
Breadmaker
Food Processor
Bottled Water Cooler
Food Waste Disposer
4 foot fluorescent lighting
Television (26″)
Waffle Iron/Sandwich Grill
Two Burner Hot Plate
Number of
hours of use
per day
Number
of units
Power
demand
(Watts)
1
0.25
3
3
1
0.75
8
8
0.1
0.17
1
1
1
Daily energy
demand (Wh)
940
0
1238
310
60
0
14
126
1100
0
4950
3713
206
0
124
990
920
92
1188
202
200
0
1188
0
1485
0
1485
0
570
0
347
0
55
0
643
0
98
0
227
0
1088
0
1238
0
8
BATHROOM
60 W light bulb
14 W compact fluorescent bulb
Bathroom Ventilation Fan
Electric Razor
Whirlpool Bath
Heat Lamp (infrared)
Hot Tub
Units
DINING ROOM
60 W light bulb
14 W compact fluorescent bulb
Chandelier (5 lamp)
Fan (ceiling)
Lighting (3 – 60W bulbs)
Television (26″)
Units
BEDROOMS
60 W light bulb
14 W compact fluorescent bulb
Television (26″)
Fan (ceiling)
Water Bed Heater
Electric Blanket
Units
Hrs/day
3
Watts
0.5
Hrs/day
0
21
0
0
0
0
0
60
14
297
118
180
327
0
0
0
0
0
0
60
14
327
80
400
347
0
14
0
0
0
0
Watts
Hrs/day
2
60
14
72
15
1188
347
413
Watts
0.5
FAMILY ROOM
Desktop computer & monitor)
Laptop computer
Fan (ceiling)
60 W light bulb
14 W compact fluorescent bulb
Stereo
Television (26″)
Video Cassette Recorder
Pellet Stove (continuous)
Sewing Machine
Units
MAJOR HOUSEHOLD ITEMS
Clothes Dryer
Clothes Washer
Freezer (15 cu. ft. frost free)
Water Heater (1 person)
Furnace (Fan – 1/4 hp.)
Vacuum Cleaner (portable)
Vacuum Cleaner (central)
Alarm System
Air Changer or HRV
Dehumidifier
Hot Water Furnace & Pump
Humidifier (portable)
Oil Furnace Burner
Air Conditioner (6000 BTU/hr)
Units
OUTDOOR
Drill
Hedge Trimmer
Electric Lawnmower
Christmas Lights (100 lights)
Power Saw
Water Pump (1/3 hp)
Units
MISC.
Air Cleaner – Desktop
Aquarium (10 – 24 gal.)
Fan (portable)
Iron (hand)
Portable Radio
Portable Electric Heater
Units
Hrs/day
Watts
1
5
248
1242
1
3
3
1
4
2
80
60
14
98
327
27
193
75
240
0
168
197
0
0
0
0
3450
373
1650
6015
347
327
513
48
103
248
470
98
257
743
0
112
0
6015
0
33
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
297
297
1197
668
272
415
0
0
0
0
0
0
Hrs/day
Watts
1
0.3
1
1
1
0.1
24
24
Hrs/day
Watts
Hrs/day
Watts
50
83
113
1188
50
990
Total daily energy demand (sum):
Convert daily energy demand to kWh (divide by 1000):
Convert daily demand to annual demand (multiply by 365):
Convert total annual consumption to MegaJoules (multiply by 3.6):
Individual annual electricity demand (divide by number in household):
24
0
0
0
0
0
0
13473.1 Wh
13.47 kWh
4917.68 kWh
17703.65 MJ
17703.65 MJ
FUEL CONSUMPTION WORKSHEET
You will now calculate the amount of fuel consumed to generate electricity for
one individual in your household using different methods and fuels.
Individual annual electricity demand (MJ):__________________
Liquid or Solid fuel
(generation method)
energy
density
(MJ/kg)
efficiency of
generation
Diesel (steam driven)
45.6
0.35
43.02
0.35
24
0.35
470000
0.3
Heavy fuel oil (steam-driven)
Black coal (steam driven)
Uranium oxide (U3O8)
(CANDU)
Gaseous fuel (generation
method)
energy
density
(MJ/m^3)
efficiency of
generation
Natural gas (steam driven)
39
0.35
Natural gas (combined cycle)
39
0.55
Energy density
adjusted for
efficiency (MJ/kg)
fuel
required
(kg)
Energy density
adjusted for
efficiency
(MJ/m^3)
fuel
required
(m^3)
On the other side you will calculate the greenhouse gases emitted as a result of generating
electricity by these different methods.
My annual electricity consumption (MJ): _____________
17704.8
Fuel consumption calculations
Liquid or Solid fuel
(generation method)
energy density
(MJ/kg)
Diesel (steam driven)
Heavy fuel oil (steam-driven)
efficiency of
generation
Gaseous fuel
method)
fuel required
(kg)
45.6
0.35
15.96
1109.32
43.02
0.35
15.06
1175.85
24
0.35
8.4
2107.71
470000
0.3
black coal (steam driven)
Uranium oxide (U3O8) (CANDU)
Energy density
adjusted for
efficiency (MJ/kg)
(generation energy density
(MJ/m^3)
efficiency of
generation
141000
0.13
Energy density
adjusted for
efficiency
fuel required
(MJ/m^3)
(m^3)
Natural gas (steam driven)
39
0.35
13.65
1297.05
Natural gas (combined cycle)
39
0.55
21.45
825.4
Greenhouse gas emission calculations
Diesel (steam driven)
Gas emitted
CO2
CH4
N2O
emission factor
(g/kg)
emission (g) CO2 eq (g)
3098.55
3437293.74
3437293.74
0.15
166.4
3827.17
0.45
499.2
147761.86
Total CO2 eq (g)
3588882.77
Total CO2 eq (tonnes)
3.59
Heavy fuel oil (steam-driven)
Gas emitted
CO2
CH4
N2O
emission factor
(g/kg)
emission (g) CO2 eq (g)
3182.7
3742383.41
3742383.41
0.04
47.03
1081.78
0.07
82.31
24363.65
3767828.84
3.77
Black coal (steam driven)
Gas emitted
CO2
CH4
N2O
emission factor
(g/kg)
emission (g) CO2 eq (g)
2249
4740249.43
4740249.43
0.02
46.37
1066.5
0.03
67.45
19964.27
Total CO2 eq (g)
4761280.2
Total CO2 eq (tonnes)
4.76
Natural gas (steam driven)
Gas emitted
CO2
CH4
N2O
emission factor
(g/kg)
emission (g) CO2 eq (g)
1891
2452730.9
2452730.9
0.49
635.56
14617.81
0.05
63.56
18812.48
Total CO2 eq (g)
2486161.2
Total CO2 eq (tonnes)
2.49
Natural gas (combined cycle)
Gas emitted
CO2
CH4
N2O
emission factor
(g/kg)
emission (g) CO2 eq (g)
1891
1560828.76
1560828.76
0.49
404.45
9302.24
0.05
40.44
11971.58
Total CO2 eq (g)
1582102.58
Total CO2 eq (tonnes)
1.58
Uranium oxide (U3O8) (CANDU)
emission factor
Gas emitted
(g/kg)
CO2
CH4
N2O
emission (g) CO2 eq (g)
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total CO2 eq (g)
Total CO2 eq (tonnes)
0
0
0
0
0
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS WORKSHEET
Diesel (steam driven)
Gas emitted
emission factor
(g/kg)
CO2
CH4
N2O
emission (g)
(emission factor
x fuel required)
3098.55
0.15
0.45
Heavy fuel oil (steam-driven)
Gas emitted
emission factor
(g/kg)
CO2
3584.4
CH4
0.04
N2O
0.07
Black coal (steam driven)
Gas emitted
emission factor
(g/kg)
CO2
2249
CH4
0.02
N2O
0.03
Natural gas (steam driven)
Gas emitted
emission factor
(g/kg)
CO2
1891
CH4
0.49
N2O
0.05
CO2 equivalent
factor
CO2 eq (g)
1
23
317
Total CO2 eq (g)
Total CO2 eq (tonnes)
emission (g)
CO2 equivalent CO2 eq (g)
factor
1
23
317
Total CO2 eq (g)
Total CO2 eq (tonnes)
emission (g)
CO2 equivalent CO2 eq (g)
factor
1
23
317
Total CO2 eq (g)
Total CO2 eq (tonnes)
emission (g)
CO2 equivalent CO2 eq (g)
factor
1
23
317
Total CO2 eq (g)
Total CO2 eq (tonnes)
Natural gas (combined cycle)
Gas emitted
emission factor
(g/kg)
CO2
CH4
N2O
emission (g)
1891
0.49
0.05
Uranium oxide (U3O8) (CANDU)
Gas emitted
emission factor
(g/kg)
CO2
0
CH4
0
N2O
0
CO2 equivalent
factor
CO2 eq (g)
1
23
317
Total CO2 eq (g)
Total CO2 eq (tonnes)
emission (g)
CO2 equivalent CO2 eq (g)
factor
1
23
317
Total CO2 eq (g)
Total CO2 eq (tonnes)
…
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