Please go through the uploaded files to have clear idea of the requirement (Rubric).
Summarizing Yosemite’s geologic history and relationship to Hetch Hetchy Valley;
Describe the history of the Hetch HetchyWater System, including, but not limited to,
why the Hetchy Hetchy Dam was installed, the water distribution system, and who
benefits most from water conveyed from this area;
Pros and cons of allowing the Hetch Hetchy Dam to remain in place;
Controversy surrounding removal of the Hetch Hetchy Dam; and
Your position on whether the Hetchy Hetchy Dam should be removed or not.
Your 500±25 word paper should:
Read each of the articles on the uploaded file.
Provide at least two arguments supporting your position.
Illustrate each argument with at least one example or explanation from the
readings in this Response Paper.
Organize your paper in clear, concise points separated into paragraphs.
If quoting statements from articles, use APA format for citing in paper.
rubric.pdf
surface_water.pdf
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Geology 140 (Geology + Environment)
Response Paper Rubric – Version 1
Spring 2019
Student Name
Signature
Total Score
/50
Student’s Response Paper will be graded based on this rubric, in addition to whether or not directions and prompt was fully addressed (out of a score of 10).
Category
General
Paragraphs
Body
Organization and
Structural
Development of Thesis
Statement
Exceeds Standards (5)
Meets Standards (4)
Nearly Meets
Standards (3)
Does Not Meet
Standards (2)
No Evidence (0)
Name, Date, and Response Paper Topic (i.e., Volcanoes)
500 ± 25 words
Times Roman, 12 pt. font
1 inch margins
Double spaced
Capitalize proper nouns
Numbers 0-9 spelled out; numbers higher than 10 numerical
APA or GSA format followed
Under each Heading/Subheading, paragraphs are indented and
organized in 3-6 sentence paragraphs.
All prompts (questions) fully answered.
Evidence of 7
Evidence of 6
Evidence of 5
Evidence of 4 or
absent
Sentence Structure
and Word Usage
Paragraphs incorrect
length, no indented.
Each section and
paragraph lacks
supporting detail
sentences.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Each section and
paragraph fails to
develop the main
idea.
Not applicable.
Writer demonstrates logical and subtle sequencing of ideas
through well-developed paragraphs; transitions are used to
enhance organization.
Section and paragraph
development present but
not perfected.
Logical organization;
organization of ideas
not fully developed.
No evidence of
structure or
organization.
Not applicable.
The conclusion is engaging and summarizes the key points of
the Response Paper. Sound opinion(s) or recommendation(s)
provided.
The conclusion restates
the thesis and summarizes
the Term Paper.
Recommendation(s)
provided.
The conclusion does
not adequately restate
the thesis orsummarize
the Term Paper.
Recommendation(s)
provided.
Absent
/5
Spell and grammar check run; corrections made based on spell
Spell and grammar check
and grammar check. No errors in punctuation, capitalization and run. Minor errors in
spelling.
punctuation, capitalization
and spelling. Mostly
follows APA or GSA
guidelines.
Spell and grammar
check run. Major errors
in punctuation,
capitalization and
spelling. Does not
follows APA or GSA
guidelines.
Many errors in
sentence structure and
word usage.
The conclusion does
not adequately
restate the thesis or
summarize the Term
Paper. No
recommendation(s)
provided.
Numerous, distracting
errors in punctuation,
capitalization and
spelling.
Does not follow APA
or GSA guidelines
Not applicable.
/5
Not applicable.
/5
Each section and paragraph has thoughtful supporting detailed
sentences that develop the main idea.
No errors sentence structure and word usage.
No more than one 20-word quote with proper citation for 500
word Response Paper. Paraphrasing accurate with proper
citations.
Quote(s)/Paraphrasing
/5
Paragraphs correct length,
but are not indented.
Each section and
paragraph has sufficient
supporting detail
sentences that develop
the main idea.
Conclusion
Mechanics
Score
Almost no errors in
sentence structure and
word usage.
Numerous and
distracting errors in
sentence structure
and word usage
One or more 10-word quotes One or more 10+-word
One or more 10+-word
with proper citations for 500 quotes with correct
quotes with incorrect
word Response Paper.
citations for Response
citations for Response
Paraphrasing accurate with Paper with 500 words.
Paper with less than 500
proper citations.
Paraphrasing accurate with words. Paraphrasing
correct citations.
inaccurate with incorrect
citations.
/5
/5
/5
One or more 10+-word
quotes with incorrect
citations for Response
Paper with less than
500 words. No
paraphrasing.
/5
Geology 140 (Geology + Environment), Spring 2019
Response Paper #5 – Surface Water
California is a dry state. It often has droughts, which are long periods of time when little
rain or snow falls. Since we all need water to survive, getting enough water is always an
issue in California. One source of water is found in the snow of the Sierra Mountain
Range. The Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in Yosemite National Park provides San Francisco
and the surrounding areas with some of the highest quality drinking water found in the
world. Hetch Hetchy is a Miwok word that means “grass with edible seeds.” The Miwok
are one of the many native peoples that lived in California for thousands of years. A
reservoir is a large area like a lake or a big tank that reserves or collects water in one
place so that it can be used later.
Up until the mid-1800s, people in San Francisco gathered fresh water from local
streams, wells and springs. The Gold Rush of 1849 increased San Francisco’s
population from 1,000 to 25,000 people! The local springs and wells could no longer
provide enough water for the growing community. People had to buy water from barrels
that were carried in carts, or slung across the back of a donkey. Water was expensive; it
cost $1 a bucket, which equals about $26 today!
As San Francisco continued to grow, water was getting harder to come by. So, in 1857
the city dammed the mouth of Lobos Creek in the Presidio, as a way to help provide
more water to local residents. A dam is a barrier that stops the flow of water in a river so
that the water can collect into a large area. This water can then be released for a variety
of uses in the area, or moved somewhere else through pipes and channels. It can also
be released in dry times of the year when it doesn’t rain. Two million gallons of water a
day were piped from Lobos Creek and pumped to reservoirs on Russian Hill. Today,
San Francisco uses about 85 million gallons a day. It has 13 reservoirs and 7 tanks,
storing 440 million gallons of water— enough to last six days in an emergency!
On April 18, 1906, a huge earthquake hit San Francisco, where almost 400,000 people
then lived. Fires broke out and for three days and nights, the city burned; 25,000 homes
and other buildings were destroyed. The earthquake broke the main water pipes, so
there wasn’t enough water available to fight the fires, and more than half the city was
left homeless. This wasn’t the first time a fire destroyed San Francisco, but for city
leaders, it was the last straw! San Francisco needed a much larger water supply in
order to meet the needs of the booming population, and to keep the city safe from
another disaster. City leaders decided to dam the Tuolumne River so that the Hetch
Hetchy valley could become a reservoir that would hold a huge amount of water. This
water could then be piped to San Francisco. Not everyone supported this idea however,
including John Muir. He was an environmentalist who started the Sierra Club and
opposed this project for years.
In 1913, the U.S. Congress passed The Raker Act. This law gave San Francisco the
rights to use water from the Tuolumne River. This meant the city could dam the river
1
and flood the Hetch Hetchy valley to create a reservoir that would provide the growing
city and its surroundings with fresh water to meet all their needs. In order to build the
dam, a railroad was first built to carry all the heavy machinery and supplies up the steep
mountain. This railroad took two years to build and was 68 miles long! In 1923, after
working day and night for nearly four years, workers completed the O’Shaughnessy
Dam. It became a source of hydroelectric power. This is a clean form of energy made
from the force of water as it falls down from the top of a dam and turns turbines, or
engines, that create electricity. San Francisco government buildings and other agencies
outside of the city use this clean, “green” power today!
In order to move or transport water from the new Hetch Hetchy Reservoir to San
Francisco, an aqueduct was built. An aqueduct is a canal or series of large pipes that
connect the source of water to its final destination. This system took 21 years to build! In
1934, the first waters from Hetch Hetchy finally reached the San Francisco area,
traveling 167 miles downhill with the help of gravity. While the force of gravity has been
used for thousands of years to move water through aqueducts, the Hetch Hetchy
system was one of the biggest gravity aqueducts ever built. Not only that, but by using
gravity to move the water, very little energy is needed to get the water to our faucets.
Compare this to the rest of California where almost 20% of all the energy our state uses
is needed to transport water from one place to another!
Today, Hetch Hetchy provides water to 2.4 million people in San Francisco and the
Greater Bay Area. The San Francisco Public Utilities Commission manages the Hetch
Hetchy system and works to help protect natural resources and conserve water. Since
California is a dry state, it is important that we save or conserve water so that we have
enough for people and wildlife, and enough to keep our rivers healthy, our farmland
productive and our businesses successful!
(From Hetch Hetchy, The Story of San Francisco’s Water, San Francisco Water Power Sewer)
To respond to the prompt, review the following informational sources:
Yosemite’s Geologic History (4:20)
Hetch Hetchy: Yosemite’s Lost Valley (17:13)
Hetch Hetchy Water System – Legendary Past, Visionary Future (9:21)
Hetch Hetchy Regional Water System (13:59)
National Park Service Fact Sheet
https://www.nps.gov/yose/planyourvisit/upload/hetchhetchy-sitebull.pdf
How Hetch Hetchy Valley’s Natural Beauty Was Sacrified to Quench SF’s Thirst
San Francisco Chronicle, updated January 16, 2018
https://www.sfchronicle.com/thetake/article/How-Hetch-Hetchy-Valley-s-natural-beauty-was-12496800.php
Hetch Hetchy Environmental Debates
2
National Archives, The Center for Legislative Archives
https://www.archives.gov/legislative/features/hetch-hetchy
Prompt
• Summarizing Yosemite’s geologic history and relationship to Hetch Hetchy Valley;
• Describe the history of the Hetch Hetchy Water System, including, but not limited to,
why the Hetchy Hetchy Dam was installed, the water distribution system, and who
benefits most from water conveyed from this area;
• Pros and cons of allowing the Hetch Hetchy Dam to remain in place;
• Controversy surrounding removal of the Hetch Hetchy Dam; and
• Your position on whether the Hetchy Hetchy Dam should be removed or not.
Your 500±25 word paper should:
Read each of the articles above.
Provide at least two arguments supporting your position.
Illustrate each argument with at least one example or explanation from the
readings in this Response Paper.
Organize your paper in clear, concise points separated into paragraphs.
If quoting statements from articles, use APA format for citing in paper.
3
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