Topic 1: Disease ProcessWrite an imaginary case study for your hypothetical patient.Explain how the patient moved through the healthcare delivery system.With respect to the costs you calculated last week, describe how the patient will pay for the cost of treatment.Analyze the healthcare delivery system as illustrated in this case. What problems did you notice? Would some people find it difficult to pay for treatment? Are there areas where treatment for this illness is unavailable or unaffordable to the common person?Provide an overall conclusion for the work that you have done in this project. Topic 2: Healthcare ProfessionResearch to find organizations that assess the quality of care provided by the healthcare professionals you chose to study and answer the following:What is the liability of these professionals?How do changes in medical technology affect these professionals?Provide an overall conclusion for the work that you have done in this project Support your answers for both the topics with appropriate examples and research.Final TaskYour answers for Topic 1 and Topic 2 should be in about two pages.Incorporate the feedback you have received from your instructor for all the tasks of the project topic you selected, including the corrective feedback or suggestions for more information.Ensure that your completed project meets all of the expectations of each week’s tasks.Combine what you have developed in Weeks 2–5 into a single 14- to 16-page Microsoft Word document, applying appropriate headings and formatting to make it one complete document, including works cited or referenced on the final page of the document. Cite all references in APA format.
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Running head: HEALTHCARE QUALITY AND HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTION
Healthcare Quality and Health Promotion and Prevention
Oscar Sims III
South University
1
HEALTHCARE QUALITY AND HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTION
2
Choosing the best health insurance plan for any patient is vital for their general
improvement in health. In my area, various health insurance packages are provided by Medicaid.
Medicaid in my area offers healthcare for eligible low-income residents eligible. These
individuals include children, pregnant women, families, the disabled and the aged. Eligibility for
this service is determined by various factors such as income, the federal poverty level and family
size (Cohen, Colby, Wailoo, & Zelizer, 2015). For a patient suffering from heart disease,
Medicaid provides several options for their health needs in my area. Specifically, the insurance
coverage can cover their consultancy fees in the hospital, drug and dosage costs and general
health care needs of the patient until the condition is controlled. Medicaid provides a maximum
of $8000 for health care fees depending on the needs of the patient. This amount is shared within
the financial needs of the patient to ensure that he or she gets the best out of the amount
provided.
Medicaid is the best insurance coverage option for this patient since it provides wellstructured financial assistance to the needs of heart disease patients. Medicaid budget has also
been increased in the past which means that this plan can capture most if not all, of the needs of
the heart disease patient (Cohen, Colby, Wailoo, & Zelizer, 2015). Such patients have
sensitivities to environments and often need attention. With this package, the patient can get the
best out of the health care center that they are affiliated to.
Quality in health care is defined by values such as safe, patient-centered, timely,
effective, efficient and equitable. Quality in health care can also be defined as doing what is right
by the patient, at the correct time and in the right manner (McLaughlin, McLaughlin, & Kaluzny,
2004). This way, the primary goal of having quality in health care is to have the best possible
results. Quality strategies in health care are designed to make sure care is safer in reducing the
HEALTHCARE QUALITY AND HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTION
3
harm that is caused in the delivery of health services. Moreover, they promote effective
communication between health care providers and patients thereby increasing coordination of
care. They also encourage prevention, and treatment of conditions by ensuring adequate health
care is administered in various situations and environments.
Quality measurement in health care is essential in the fulfillment of the fundamental
goals of any health institution. It involves using data to evaluate the performance of health care
providers and health plan against quality standards set by the health institution. One way in
which health care is measured is the evaluation of the health status (McLaughlin, McLaughlin, &
Kaluzny, 2004). Health status measurements include a review of signs, symptoms, and
comorbidities. Another way to measure quality in health care is the psychometric criteria. In this
strategy, factors such as acceptability, reliability, validity, and responsiveness are evaluated
based on the kind of health services that are provided to patients. Another criterion of
measurement of health is the practical strategy that measures the routine of clinical practice and
reviews whether the practice is relevant, simple and feasible. For quality in health, all parties
play a major role in the success of any health plan. It is, therefore, the responsibility of all parties
to ensure that they play their part in terms of delivery of services or use of service.
HEALTHCARE QUALITY AND HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTION
4
References
Cohen, A. B., Colby, D. C., Wailoo, K. A., & Zelizer, J. E. (2015). Medicare and Medicaid at
50: America’s Entitlement Programs in the Age of Affordable Care. New York, NY:
Oxford University Press, USA.
McLaughlin, C. P., McLaughlin, C., & Kaluzny, A. D. (2004). Continuous Quality Improvement
in Health Care: Theory, Implementation, and Applications. Burlington, MA: Jones &
Bartlett Learning.
Sims, Oscar
Assignment 2: Comparative Analysis of Healthcare
Plans
Topic 1: Disease Process
Choose a payer type that is different from your original choice in Week 3.
Compare the costs of covering healthcare services provided by these two insurances in
your area.
What insurance type is best suited for healthcare coverage of your hypothetical patient’s
disease type?
Topic 2: Healthcare Profession
Estimate the cost of education and training for the healthcare professional you selected.
Research the earnings of such a professional at entry-level, at mid career, and at the top
of the career.
How is this professional paid, for example, fee for service, salary, health insurance
payment, etc.?
Submit your answers in a 2- to 3-page Microsoft Word document. Support your answers
with appropriate examples and research.
Cite all references in APA format.
Response Criteria
Points
Possible
Points
Earned
Comments
HEALTHCARE QUALITY AND HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTION
Met the listed criteria for the selected
disease process or healthcare
profession.
Used correct spelling, grammar, and
professional vocabulary. Cited all
sources using APA format.
45
35
5
5
Total Points
50
Date Due and Date Submitted:
3/20/19
Adjusted Points
Final Grade
40
3/20/19
40
B-
5
Ensure that the other
insurance programs
has comparative
information.
Submitted on Time?
#REF!
Comments:
Good job on this
assignment. Discussed
one insurance program
will. No information on
a second insurance
programs. Work was,
however, very well
written and supported.
Keep up the good
work.
Running Head: DIABETES
1
Diabetes
Oscar Sims III
South University
DIABETES
2
Diabetes
Introduction
Diabetes is defined as a chronic condition that is associated with abnormal
sugar levels in the blood. Pancreas main function is to produce insulin whereby the
function of the insulin is to lower glucose in the blood. When the body lacks the
ability to utilize the insulin due to insufficient or lack of the insulin being produced
by the pancreas at all individuals are said to suffer from diabetes.
Nonetheless, there are three major forms of diabetes that develop among
individuals they include gestation diabetes, type 1 and 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes
is also commonly referred to as juvenile diabetes that comes along when there is
lack of insulin being produced by the body. Type 2 diabetes normally affects the
manner the insulin produced is used in the body, it is also the most common type
of diabetes. Likewise, gestational diabetes normally occurs quite often during
pregnancy to women where their body tends to be less sensitive to insulin
produced by the body.
Hypothetical Patient
Peter is fisherman and farmer in the poor rural neighborhood of India. There
are various socioeconomic factors that will determine his health which revolves
around employment, education and a constant income. Peter is self-employed and
DIABETES
3
practices fishing as his only source of income. He is uneducated and relies on
traditional method of healing that involves spiritual healing and herbs. His salary
can only be reliable if only he has the energy to go fishing. Peter has been ailing,
and his health has been worsening by the day and is taken to the hospital only to be
diagnosed and told he has Mellitus diabetes.
1. What is the level of this patient’s income, education, work experience and
cultural influences?
There is a perception that decision making for a patient is dictated by their
socioeconomic status. This means that when making a concrete decision on their
health care, they tend to take medication for granted due to the fact that they are
unable to choose the best way to handle the disease.
Level of Peter’s income
In our hypothetical scenario, Peter being a fisherman implies that he lacks a
constant income. He is able to receive the required treatment that is offered in a
hospital setting. The interaction with a medical practitioner for monitoring and
medical facilitation towards a diabetic patient is always required and failure to
access care worsen the situation.
Level of Education and work experience
DIABETES
4
Peter lacks a basic education having been born in the early 70’s he found a
woman to get married to and could not continue with his education for the dowry
presented to the father could not be compared to going to school. Lack of
education influences one’s approach to issues of health and better feeding habits
that may reduce and facilitate the production of insulin and its usage to the body.
Education plays an integral part in ensuring that a patient understands his/her
condition better. The patient has worked in this field all his entire life. Peter
inherited all the skills from his father. His experience over the years makes him an
experienced person in the field. He is not exposed to other forms of trade and types
of work. This will mean that inability to undertake his duty will result in lack of an
income which will affect his socio-economic ability.
Cultural Influences
Having been paid for dowry at an early age, his ability to pursue a good
education was limited, and the level of education he had received did not guarantee
him a good position and an experienced workforce. He indeed acquired an
informal education on ways of fishing and in which he has experienced to date. His
condition limits his ability to relate to changing body demands. It is common that
when uneducated people experience something that cannot be understood, they
turn to cultural and spiritual defiance (Zhang, Bullard & Gregg et al., 2013).
DIABETES
5
Cultural influence will determine his approach towards handling his diabetic
condition. Chronic diseases are associated with the presence of low socioeconomic
status among patients, and this may increase further increase in his ability to
receive better health care.
2. How might their socioeconomic factor influence his ability to access the
necessary healthcare?
Socioeconomic can be identified in two cohorts. The first cohort is that
which involves foot problems and secondly, the group that lacks foot problems.
Cellulitis, septic arthritis, ulcers, and Charcot joint disease are examples of diabetic
problems that cause the cohort of foot problems. When a patient is undergoing any
of the groups, there is an increased disability level, health care costs which are high
and the lifespan of a patient reduces (Long, 2019).
3. How can the patient engage in self-care practices, such as modifying diet
and exercise and understand the nature of illness, treatment and prognosis?
Peter may engage in self-care practices like the change in diet and exercise.
Mellitus diabetes is a progressive disorder that is characterized by hyperglycemia
due to deficiency of insulin in the body. There is a need for Peter to access selfcare practices that enable him to prevent complication and limit disability and
rehabilitation. When dealing with Mellitus, there are various life style behaviors
DIABETES
6
that need to be considered namely; healthy eating, physical activity, and exercise,
ensuring that the blood sugar is tested, the medication intake must be checked and
reduce risk behaviors. The above practices help in the reduction and ensure that the
quality of life is improved. The self-care practices suppress and reduce
complications and have shown to impact the patient have in a positive way.
Socioeconomic factors and social support for clinical practitioners have always
been considered as vital self-care practices that enable a patient to receive the best
medical care and will allow them suppress the condition.
4. What healthcare services for this disease does the patient has access to?
Preventive care practices and diabetic control is what Peter requires to
enable him either delay or prevent further complication of the diabetic condition.
Preventive care and diabetic control will be determined by the health care access
that he receives (Zhang, Bullard & Gregg et al.,2013). When accessing healthcare,
multiple diabetes outcomes are evident. When he undertakes self-care practice
control in the blood sugar becomes controlled with a high chance of glycemic
control.
Conclusion
Compliance of the self-care activity has been found to be low. Majority of
people lack the socioeconomic power to fight the diabetic battle. However, when
DIABETES
7
there is a demographic socioeconomic and social support, diabetic patients can
receive the best medical and self-care there is. The emphasis of clinics that offer
self-care irrespective of one’s educational, financial background. For Peter to
access self-care practices that enable him to prevent complication and limit
disability and rehabilitation he will need to ensure that as much he uses traditional
methods in trying to suppress the condition it must be in accordance to the doctor’s
prescription. When dealing with Mellitus diabetes or any other disease, there are
various behavior that need to be considered namely; healthy eating, physical
activity and exercise, ensuring that the blood sugar is tested, the medication intake
must be checked and reduce risk behaviors (Long, 2019).
DIABETES
8
References
Engquist, B.K., Alafano, C.M., Shepard, M.M.M., Thompson, C.A., Stein, K.,
Fallon, L.K., Pinto, M.B., Zucker, C.D., Wahnefried, W.D.(2018) Moving
research into practice. National academy of Science.
https://nam.edu/moving-research-into-practice-physical-activity-nutritionand-weight-management-for-cancer-patients-and-survivors /
Long, T. (2019) Diabetes: Teaching Patients self-care. A Train Education.
https://www.atrainceu.com/course-all/teaching-patients-about-diabetes-171
Shrivastava, S.R., Saurabh, P.S., Ramasamy, J. (2013). Role of self-care in the
management of diabetes mellitus. NCBI.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3599009/
Zhang, X., Bullard, K.M., Gregg, W.E., Beckles, L.G., Williams, E.D., Barker,
L.E., Albright, A.L., Impratore, G. (2012). Access to healthcare and control
of diabetes. Diabetes Care.
http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/35/7/1566
Sims, Oscar
Assignment 2:Course Project III Topic 1
DIABETES
9
Topic 1: Disease Process
For a hypothetical patient who has the disease you selected, create a socioeconomic
profile of your choice.
What is the level of this patient’s income, education, work experience, and cultural
influences?
How might these socioeconomic factors influence his or her ability to access the
necessary healthcare?
How can the patient engage in self-care practices, such as modifying diet and
exercise, and understand the nature of the illness, treatment, and prognosis?
What healthcare services for this disease does the patient has access to?
Topic 2: Healthcare Profession
Identify the education and training of the healthcare professional you selected to
study and answer the following:
What is the interface between this profession and other healthcare providers?
Who might their superior be in the healthcare network?
Who might their peers be? Colleagues? Subordinates?
What referral patterns might exist for this professional?
Submit your answers in a 4- to 5-page Microsoft Word document. Support your
answers with appropriate examples and research.
Grading Criteria
For the identified disease topic,
created a socioeconomic profile that
includes a hypothetical patient’s
income, education, work experience,
and cultural influences.
Described how the socioeconomic
factors might influence the
hypothetical patient’s ability to access
necessary healthcare.
Described how self-care practices
can be used by the patient in this
disease situation.
Described the types of healthcare
services the patient with this disease
has access to.
Points
Possible
Points
Earned
40
40
40
40
30
30
30
15
Minimally
addressed
35
25
Leave assignment
questions OFF.
Ensure that each
Written components.
Comments
DIABETES
10
reference has at
least one citation.
Total Points
175
Date Due and Date Submitted:
3/13/19
Adjusted Points
Final Grade
150
3/13/19
150
B
Submitted on
Time?
#REF!
Comments:
Good job on this
assignment.
Demonstrated a
good
understanding of
the weekly
readings. Work is
mostly well
written, but needs
to work on
presentation and
APA. See
comments above
and on the
returned
document.
Running Head: DIABETES CARE
1
Diabetes Care
Oscar Sims III
South University
DIABETES CARE
2
1. Diabetes
Diabetes can occur in three forms with the most common type being Type 2 diabetes. The
other two types of diabetes consist of type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes. Type 1 diabetes
mostly occurs as an autoimmune disease where the body reacts against its own cells and this, in
turn, causes the body to produce little to no insulin. Gestational diabetes, on the other hand, is
diabetes that occurs during pregnancy. However, type 2 diabetes is the most common type of
diabetes with it affecting around 90 percent of people with diabetes in the country. The disease
process of the disease is mostly affected by inherited susceptibility but could also be caused by
certain lifestyle choices including bad nutrition and lack of exercise (WebMD, n.d.).
Type 2 diabetes symptoms include increased thirst and hunger, a feeling of constant
fatigue and tiredness. It can also be characterized by frequent urination and unexplained weight
loss. Other similar but rare symptoms can include a loss of consciousness. Screening of diabetes
can be done using either the hemoglobin AIC test tor the fasting plasma glucose test (WebMD,
n.d.). The fasting plasma glucose test is done after a patient has fasted for around 8 or more
hours for a certain period and used to test glucose levels in the blood plasma of the patient. The
glucose levels need to be lower than 100 to 126 mg/dl during the initial and subsequent tests and
if higher consistently means that the patient has diabetes. Hemoglobin A1C test on the other
hand also tests average blood sugar level in blood by assessing the bonding amounts of glucose
with hemoglobin in the blood. Normal levels of the test are between 4 and 5% percent with
levels higher than 5.7 percent up to 6.4 percent meaning that one is highly susceptible to
acquiring the disease. People with levels of 6.5 percent going upwards are diabetic.
DIABETES CARE
3
As diabetes is a condition that is mainly affected by the pancreas, endocrinologists are
considered as the best specialists of the disease as they specialize in internal glands and the
hormones they produce. They also assess how glands change foods into energy. Some highly
rated endocrinologist and health centers in Lawton include Southwestern Behavioral Health,
Taliaferro Community Mental Health Center, Wichita Mountain Medical, Regina M Howard
MD, Toit Francois Du MD, and Ziegler James (Yellow Pages, n.d.).
2. Clinical Psychology
Clinical psychologists are health professionals concerned with empowering patients to
overcome addictions, improve relationships, assess personality characteristics, strengths and
weaknesses. They help patients deal with stressful situations. Clinical psychology is a specialty
of psychology and as such is mainly concerned with the mental and behavioral health of patients
rather than the physical ailments other healthcare professionals look into.
The major use case of clinical psychology is in all areas including in diagnosis, treatment,
and rehabilitation. Clinical psychologists can branch out to target different types of people based
on age, gender, family, relationship status. Clinical psychologist helps people live healthier lives
by helping them cope with mental and behavioral issues that prevent them from doing so such as
stressful relationships, work situations and families (APA, n.d.). Clinical psychologi …
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